How Electricity is Transmitted & Distributed in Bangladesh? বাà¦à¦²à¦¾à¦¦à§à¦¶à§ বিদà§à¦¯à§à§ à¦à§à¦ªà¦¾à¦¦à¦¨ থà§à¦à§ à¦à§à¦°à¦¾à¦¹à¦ পরà§à¦¯à¦¨à§à¦¤ পà§à¦à¦à¦¾à¦¨à§à¦° à¦à¦¨à§à¦¯ à¦à¦à¦à¦¿ organized system রয়à§à¦à§à¥¤ à¦à¦à¦¿ ensures à¦à¦°à§ যৠelectricity supply হয় reliable, efficient, à¦à¦¬à¦ safe Transmission & Distribution System à¦à¦° ধাপà¦à§à¦²à§: 1. Generation – বিদà§à¦¯à§à§ à¦à§à¦ªà¦¾à¦¦à¦¨ বাà¦à¦²à¦¾à¦¦à§à¦¶à§ বিà¦à¦¿à¦¨à§à¦¨ ধরনà§à¦° power plants বিদà§à¦¯à§à§ à¦à§à¦ªà¦¾à¦¦à¦¨ à¦à¦°à§- যà§à¦®à¦¨, Gas-based Power Plants – দà§à¦¶à§à¦° মà§à¦ electricity supply-à¦à¦° বড় ঠà¦à¦¶ à¦à¦¸à§ natural gas থà§à¦à§à¥¤ Coal-based Power Plants – বৠপরিমাণৠelectricity à¦à§à¦ªà¦¾à¦¦à¦¨ à¦à¦°à§, বিশà§à¦· à¦à¦°à§ industrial demand-à¦à¦° à¦à¦¨à§à¦¯à¥¤ Hydro / Water Power Plants – নদৠবা বাà¦à¦§ বà§à¦¯à¦¬à¦¹à¦¾à¦° à¦à¦°à§ বাষà§à¦ª নà§, সরাসরি water turbine à¦à§à¦°à¦¿à¦¯à¦¼à§ electricity à¦à§à¦ªà¦¨à§à¦¨ à¦à¦°à¦¾ হà§à¥¤ à¦à¦¦à¦¾à¦¹à¦°à¦£: Kaptai Hydro Power Plant Solar Power Plants – renewable energy à¦à¦° ঠà¦à¦¶, বিশà§à¦· à¦à¦°à§ remote areas ঠdistributed electricity supply à¦à¦° à¦à¦¨à§à¦¯à¥¤ Turbines যা electricity generate à¦à¦°à§: Steam Turbine (বাষà§à¦ª à¦à¦¾à¦°à¦¬à¦¾à¦à¦¨) – coal, gas বা biomass fuel থà§à¦à§ বাষà§à¦ª তà§à¦°à¦¿ à¦à¦°à§ à¦à§à¦°à¦¾à¦¨à§ হয়। Gas Turbine (à¦à§à¦¯à¦¾à¦¸ à¦à¦¾à¦°à¦¬à¦¾à¦à¦¨) – natural gas direct combustion দিয়ৠhigh-speed turbine à¦à§à¦°à¦¾à¦¯à¦¼à¥¤ Water Turbine (পানি à¦à¦¾à¦°à¦¬à¦¾à¦à¦¨ / Hydro Turbine) – flowing water (river, dam) বà§à¦¯à¦¬à¦¹à¦¾à¦° à¦à¦°à§ turbine à¦à§à¦°à¦¾à¦¨à§ হà§à¥¤ 2. Transmission – à¦à¦à§à¦ à¦à§à¦²à§à¦à§à¦à§ power transfer Generation থà§à¦à§ electricityà¦à§ long distance পরà§à¦¯à¦¨à§à¦¤ পাঠাতৠvoltage step-up à¦à¦°à¦¤à§ হয়। Power Transformers বà§à¦¯à¦¬à¦¹à¦¾à¦° à¦à¦°à§ voltage increase à¦à¦°à¦¾ হৠ132kV, 230kV, 400kV পরà§à¦¯à¦¨à§à¦¤à¥¤ High voltage transmission ঠpower loss à¦à¦®à§ à¦à¦¬à¦ efficient delivery সমà§à¦à¦¬ হয়। 3. Substation & Step-down – à¦à§à¦²à§à¦à§à¦ à¦à¦®à¦¾à¦¨à§ Electricity যà¦à¦¨ urban বা rural areas ঠপà§à¦à¦à¦¾à§, তà¦à¦¨ voltage à¦à¦®à¦¾à¦¨à§ হà§à¥¤ Substations ঠvoltage step-down à¦à¦°à¦¾ হà§à¥¤ Distribution Transformers বà§à¦¯à¦¬à¦¹à¦¾à¦° à¦à¦°à§ voltage à¦à¦®à¦¾à¦¨à§ হৠ33kV / 11kV → 415V / 230V, যাতৠfinal consumer level ঠsafely supply দà§à§à¦¾ যাà§à¥¤ 4. Distribution to Consumers – à¦à§à¦°à¦¾à¦¹à¦ পরà§à¦¯à¦¾à§à§ electricity supply Distribution network final stage ঠelectricity পà§à¦à¦à§ দà§à§ homes, offices, factories। Distribution transformer ensures à¦à¦°à§ stable & safe electricity supply #Key Points to Remember- Power Transformer = Transmission (High voltage, long distance) Distribution Transformer = Final delivery (Low voltage, consumer ready) #Transformers #Substation #LT #PFI #VCB #Solar #ATS #33kv #11kv #MVA #Electricity #Transmission #Distribution #Bangladesh #ElectricalEngineering #PowerSystem #Energy